Home> Blog> Thermal power plant emissions standards introduced new opportunities for thermal power plant denitrification

Thermal power plant emissions standards introduced new opportunities for thermal power plant denitrification

October 18, 2018
Recently, Guotai Junan Securities issued a report saying that with the introduction of the new "Emission Standard for Air Pollutants from Thermal Power Plants", the future of thermal power plant will enter a stage of rapid development.

Nitrogen oxides are one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere. Most of the exhaust gas emitted from thermal power plants is nitric oxide, which is then oxidized in the air to produce more stable nitrogen dioxide. At present, the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in large and medium-sized cities in China are high, and the phenomenon of exceeding the hourly concentration often occurs. However, some analysts pointed out that under the pressure of sustained losses of thermal power companies, the price of denitrification subsidies and subsidies may become the key to starting the out of stock market.

Denitrification is imminent and total control has surfaced to the stage of "Eleventh Five-Year" desulphurization to achieve results, and the management of nitrogen oxides is imminent. At present, the acid rain pollution in China has changed from the sulfuric acid type to the combined type of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The proportion of nitrate ions in acid rain has gradually increased from one tenth in the 1980s to one third this year. The exhaust emissions of thermal power plants account for about 38% of the total nitrogen oxides, and the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles exceed 30%, accounting for about two-thirds of the total. According to the statistics report of the China Environmental Protection Industry Association's "China Thermal Power Plant Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Technology Research Report", in 2003, thermal power plants emitted 6.97 million tons of nitrogen oxides, an increase of nearly 40.6% in 2007 to 8.4 million tons (accounting for the total 35% to 40% of emissions). In 2008, the national emission of nitrogen oxides reached 20 million tons. If it is not controlled, it will reach 30 million tons in 2020.

With reference to foreign experience, China has begun to implement total pollutant control on exhaust emissions from thermal power plants. The recently issued "Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Thermal Power Plants" has provided for this. The total amount of nitrogen oxide emissions in the “Twelfth Five-Year” environmental protection plan or regulations for key industries and regions has been reduced by 10% compared with 2010. In the future, the construction of thermal power will gradually slow down. Apart from the addition of denitrification units for new generating units, we believe that there is ample room for the inventory transformation market.

According to the “12th Five-Year Plan” comprehensive energy-saving and emission reduction work plan issued in September 2011, by 2015, the total nitrogen oxide emissions in China will be controlled at 20.462 million tons, which is a 10% drop from the 23.736 million tons in 2010. According to the total control plan submitted across the country, the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” emission reduction indicators are mainly concentrated in economically developed regions. For the underdeveloped regions, economic development is still the top priority, and some provinces such as Hainan and Qinghai have even allowed a limited increase in emissions. This reflects the idea of total control and regional distribution.

Technology front-end and back-end models are combined or mainstreamed. The “Protecting Technology for Nitrogen Oxides in Thermal Power Plants” promulgated by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in April 2010 proposes the use of a combination of rational use of fuels and pollution control technologies, combustion control technologies, and flue gas denitrification technologies. Comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Low-nitrogen combustion technology should be the technology of choice for controlling nitrogen oxides in coal-fired power plants. When using low-nitrogen combustion technology, when the nitrogen oxide emission concentration does not meet the standard or does not meet the total control requirements, flue gas denitrification facilities should be established.

Guotai Junan Securities analysts compared the front-end furnace denitrification (low-nitrogen combustion) technology and the back-end tail denitrification (smoke catalytic reduction) technology. Compared with the low-nitrogen combustion method, catalytic reduction (SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction and SCR selective catalytic reduction) technology is relatively mature and has high denitrification efficiency, which can significantly reduce the nitrogen oxide content in the exhaust gas. The disadvantages are mainly reflected in its economic benefits and secondary pollution problems during catalyst production.

Through the use of plasma low-nitrogen combustion technology, the nitrogen oxides emitted from exhaust gas can be effectively reduced to 150-200 mg/m3, and in some regions less than 150 mg/m3. At the same time, the initial installation and maintenance costs are significantly lower than the currently widely used SCR and SNCR back-ends, with significant economic benefits.

Because of the high energy consumption during the production of catalysts required by SCR, it is not conducive to environmental protection. At the same time, special safety measures must be given to catalysts and reducing agents. The failure catalyst is a hazardous waste. Liquid ammonia, which is commonly used as a denitrifying reducing agent, is stored and transported during operation. There are security risks. The effect of low nitrogen combustion technology on the removal of nitrogen oxides is related to the quality of the front-end pulverized coal. The higher the quality, the more obvious the purification of the back-end exhaust gas. China's national conditions determine the difference in the quality of coal used in thermal power plants in different regions. As far as the current situation is concerned, we are cautious about achieving 100mg/m3 of front-end equipment alone, which determines that promoting the "front-end + back-end" model is the most likely option.

The policy guides the industry to enter a period of rapid development. In mid-September 2011, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued a new “Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants”, which is more stringent than the second revised limit in 2003, in which nitrogen oxide emissions Implementation of the "most strict" standard. 100 mg/m3 exceeds the limits in Europe and the United States, reflecting our government's determination to control emissions of thermal power exhaust pollutants. We believe that the government is the main body for future promotion and supporting supporting policies will affect the enthusiasm of the power companies in operating efficiency.

Subsidy electricity prices have not yet been introduced, with a focus on subsidies. Considering the higher impact of CPI during the year, the subsidy price will be postponed until early 2012, and will coincide with the start of reform of the market. The "Standard" of the Ministry of Environmental Protection provides the administrative norms for the promotion of the industry, and only through reasonable subsidies to guide the plant to respond positively. For the market expected 0.012 ~ 0.015 yuan / kWh subsidy price. We believe that the follow-up or surpass the expected space, affected by the CPI level at the time of promotion.

According to the calculation of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, after the implementation of the new standard, by 2015, it will require 817 million kilowatts of additional flue gas denitrification capacity, and an estimated investment of 1950 billion yuan will be required. By 2020, it will require the addition of 1.066 billion kilowatts of flue gas denitrification capacity.

There are two main types of competition in the low-nitrogen combustion market: traditional boiler plants and ignition equipment manufacturers led by Longyuan Technology. We believe that the former will mainly occupy the new market and the latter will have a great role in the vast area of stock reform. The traditional boiler production enterprises represented by the three major boiler plants already have the design and production capabilities of low-nitrogen burners. The configuration of front-end devices at the time of product shipment is conducive to integrated design. We believe that the three major boiler plants have outstanding comprehensive strength and monopolistic advantages, and it is an inevitable trend to complete industrial chain integration. It is a general trend that there is no production or self-contained low-nitrogen combustion device.

In contrast, ignition equipment manufacturers use technology introduction and horizontal extension of existing technologies, and gradually master more advanced low-nitrogen combustion technologies. Judging from the current development situation, Longyuan Technology's plasma combustion has entered the industrialization stage, leading the industry in comprehensive denitrification performance. Combustion control technology is still in the factory commissioning period, and it is currently not sold at scale. Boiler plant sales equipment has been installed front-end denitrification device, but the emission reduction effect is not as good as professional ignition companies. We believe that using the leading edge of technology, the ignition companies will be the first in the inventory transformation. With the supporting advantages, the boiler plant mainly covers the new market.

As of 2010, China's installed capacity for thermal power was approximately 700 million kilowatts, and the new 12% for the "12th Five-Year Plan" was calculated to be approximately 84 million kilowatts per year. Compared with this, the stock space is even greater. However, industry insiders believe that if the implementation of denitrification subsidies or denitrification subsidies is not in place, the enthusiasm of power companies to purchase denitrification equipment will be frustrated, and the denitrification market is difficult to start. Moreover, even if the subsidy policy is issued, it is necessary to see whether the subsidy can reach market expectations. If the subsidy is too small, the denitrification market cannot be opened. Some analysts pointed out that if the denitrification subsidies can be consistent with the desulfurization subsidies, both reached 1.5 points / kWh, can offset the replacement of equipment costs of thermal power companies, mobilize thermal power companies to purchase denitrification equipment enthusiasm.
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